Rules and Different Shot Types

180 degrees rule:
A basic film editing guideline. It basically states that two characters in the same scene should have the same left/right relationship to each other. There's an "imaginary" line which can't be crossed, however if the camera does pass the line it is called "crossing the line." A new shot from the other side is called a Reverse Angle.

Shot reverse shot:
A film technique when one character is shown looking at another character, and then the other character is shown looking "back." Basically alternating shots.

Match-on-action: When action shown in the first shot is repeated in some fashion in the second shot.